Blood cancer; lymphoma and Multiple myeloma
Blood cancer are the third most common cause of cancer death in Canadian males and the fourth most common cause of cancer death in Canadian women.
Signs of blood cancer
Fevers, bone discomfort, and nocturnal sweats that aren’t explained. These are only three of the warning signs that you may be suffering from blood cancer.
Blood cancers account for 10% of all cancer diagnoses in Canada
According to Paul O’Connell, manager, medical and scientific engagement, at the Leukemia & Lymphoma Society of Canada in Halifax, blood cancers account for 10% of all cancer diagnoses in Canada, which is a small percentage but on the rise. He claims that there has been a modest increase in the number of cases. However, this could be due to improved surveillance and testing. According to the Canadian Cancer Society, around 6,900 Canadians will be diagnosed with leukemia in 2020, with another 10,400 being diagnosed with non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
Blood cancer types
Blood cancers are classified by how quickly they form and spread. Acute leukemias appear unexpectedly, but chronic leukemias develop over time. The following are the four major types:
Leukemia
Leukemia is a disease that begins in the blood and bone marrow. Too many aberrant white blood cells are produced, which stops the bone marrow from producing red blood cells and platelets. Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), and chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) are the four basic kinds of leukemia (CML). Adults are most commonly diagnosed with CLL and AML.
What to keep an eye out for Aches in the arms, legs, or back, inexplicable bruises, swollen lymph nodes, fever without an evident reason or a chronic low-grade fever, headaches, and unexplained weight loss are all symptoms of leukemia.
Hodgkin lymphoma
Hodgkin lymphoma is a cancer that arises in the lymphatic system from lymphocytes, which are white blood cells that assist the body fight infections. When an aberrant lymphocyte termed a Reed-Sternberg cell is present, it is diagnosed. The majority of instances occur in people who have no known risk factors. However, other studies have linked a Hodgkin lymphoma diagnosis to infection with the human T-cell lymphocytotropic virus (HTLV), HIV, or having a sibling with the disease. Siblings of patients with Hodgkin lymphoma are at an increased risk of developing the disease.
Signs of Hodgkin lymphoma
Unexplained fever, a chronic cough, shortness of breath during regular activities, night sweats, a loss of energy, lymph node pain after drinking alcohol, and an enlarged spleen are all signs of Hodgkin lymphoma.
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
Lymphocytes can also cause non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Exposure to specific bacteria and viruses, such as the HIV/AIDS virus, Epstein-Barr virus, human T-lymphocytotropic virus, or Helicobacter pylori, the bacteria that causes stomach ulcers, is thought to be the cause.
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma symptoms
What to look for: Non-Hodgkin lymphoma symptoms include unexplained fatigue.
Rashes, bone pain, cough, chest pain, abdominal pain, and lumps beneath the skin are all non-Hodgkin lymphoma symptoms that develops in the bone, lung, digestive tract, or skin.
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Multiple myeloma
Multiple myeloma starts in the plasma cells of the blood, which are a type of white blood cell produced in the bone marrow. Myeloma affects mostly persons over the age of 50, and it affects more men than women. African Canadians, as well as those exposed to radiation, pesticides, or fertilizers, and those who are fat, are more likely to be diagnosed than Caucasians.
Multiple myeloma symptoms
What to look for Bone pain from fractures in the back, front of the chest, ribs, hips, or skull, fatigue, weakness, shortness of breath, dizziness, and paleness, nosebleeds, bleeding gums, a lot of bleeding from minor cuts or scrapes, extreme thirst, or weakness and shortness of breath are all signs of multiple myeloma.
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